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Anthropogenic climate change will dramatically alter species distributions. The rate and magnitude of range shifts, however, will differ among taxa, resulting in altered patterns of co-occurrence and interspecific interactions. We examined potential climate-mediated breeding range shifts among North American wood-warblers (Parulidae), a speciose avian family likely to be especially impacted by such changes due to high levels of interspecific competition and hybridization. We used publicly available species distribution model (SDM) range outputs to compare current ranges and patterns of sympatry among warbler species to future ranges and sympatry under 1.5°C, 2.0°C, and 3.0°C of average global warming. Range overlap among species and number of sympatric species are expected to decrease significantly in future warming scenarios, and unequal range shifts will alter the composition of warbler communities. On average, climate change will result in net decreases in the local species diversity; each warbler species is predicted to gain sympatry with approximately 1 new species and lose sympatry with approximately 2 species. Climate-mediated changes are predicted to differ among warblers in different regions of North America, with greatest impacts on eastern and boreal forest species. Our findings suggest that climate change will alter the diversity of wood-warbler communities during this century. Targeted monitoring of these changing interspecific relationships, especially for antagonistic interactions or hybridization between newly sympatric species, will be crucial for prioritizing particular species and regions in future conservation or management efforts.

 

In this article, real-time jamming detection against unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is proposed via the integration of a software-defined radio (SDR) with an on-board Raspberry Pi processor. The SDR is utilized for capturing and forwarding the radio frequency signals to a receiver module hosted in the processor. This module extracts signal features characterized by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) parameters, energy parameters, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters. Upon feature extraction, the aforementioned module exploits a machine learning (ML) classifier for detecting and classifying four jamming types; namely, barrage, single-tone, successive-pulse, and protocol-aware. The resulting configuration yielded in an overall detection rate (DR) of 93% and a false alarm rate (FAR) of 1.1%, which are in proximity to their counterparts obtained during the validation stage of the receiver module. 

This method for separating coral tissues from algal endosymbiont (Symbiodiniaceae) for stable isotope analysis is modified from previously published methods (Hughes et al. 2010). There are three parts to preparing coral samples for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis: 1) airbrush to remove coral tissue and algal cells from skeleton and store at -80 °C until ready to separate, 2) separate the coral tissue from the algal cells through centrifugation and filtering, and 3) dry and pack separated tissues into tin capsules for analysis in a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer. This method was modified from Hughes et al. (2010) by James Price with the assistance of Alex Smith and Kerri Dobson and with the guidance of Andréa Grottoli at The Ohio State University. dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bgi7juhn 

The double-spin-polarization observable E for γ p → pπ0 has been measured with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at photon beam energies Eγ from 0.367 to 2.173 GeV (corresponding to center-ofmass energies from 1.240 to 2.200 GeV) for pion center-ofmass angles, cos θc.m. π0 , between − 0.86 and 0.82. These new CLAS measurements cover a broader energy range and have smaller uncertainties compared to previous CBELSA data and provide an important independent check on systematics. These measurements are compared to predictions as well as new global fits from The George Washington University, Mainz, and Bonn-Gatchina groups. Their inclusion in multipole analyses will allow us to refine our understanding of the single-pion production contribution to the Gerasimov-Drell- Hearn sum rule and improve the determination of resonance properties, which will be presented in a future publication.